New Zealand’s culture is a melting pot of Māori customs, colonial influences and diverse traditions. Our island nation weaves a rich tapestry of art, music, cuisine, and history. We welcome all visitors to delve into the heart and soul of Kiwi culture to uncover the secrets that make up our beautiful country. Read on to gain an understanding of the cultures in New Zealand and explore experiences that let you immerse yourself within them.
A Brief History of Aotearoa New Zealand
The story of our land begins with the arrival of the ancestors of the Māori people from the Pacific Islands, who named the land Aotearoa. Over a millennium ago, legendary explorer, Kupe, embarked on a voyage from his Polynesian homeland of Hawaiki to set foot in New Zealand.
Māori – the indigenous people of Aotearoa – have thrived in Aotearoa for centuries, developing a unique culture, language, and social customs. They established tribes and forged connections with the land and sea, becoming skilled navigators, artisans, and warriors.
The arrival of Europeans in the early 1800s brought about profound changes. The signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 marked the establishment of British law and governance. However, the treaty was cloaked in injustice, including marked differences between the Māori and English versions of the text. As a result, Māori experienced significant land loss through confiscation and sale to British settlers. Conflicts emerged as Māori defended their lands and local autonomy.
These events shaped the course of Māori history. The impacts of colonisation on Māori communities have been long-lasting, and must continue to be addressed today and going forward.
Māori Culture
Māori culture has a strong influence on New Zealand culture overall, and Pākehā culture (people of European descent) has come to incorporate many aspects of it. Māori are deeply connected to the land (whenua) and the natural environment, believing everything has a life force (mauri). These values are celebrated in everyday life in the arts, songs, hospitality and cooking.
Māori people possess a strong tradition of hospitality (manaakitanga), where the act of sharing traditional food (kai) is a way for guests to feel cared for and welcome. The powhiri, a traditional welcoming ceremony, is also a significant part of Māori culture.
The arts scene in New Zealand is a kaleidoscope of cultural influences, blending the vibrant expressions of Māori, Pacific Island, European, and Asian influences. It is this unique amalgamation that breathes life into the artistic landscape. Māori arts, including carving (whakairo), weaving (raranga), and tattooing (tā moko), are highly regarded for their intricate designs and symbolism.
New Zealand’s Three Official Languages
New Zealanders officially recognise three languages:
English
English is the most widely spoken language in New Zealand, introduced during British colonisation.
Te Reo Māori
The Te Reo Māori language is the indigenous language of the Māori people. It is a taonga (treasure) and a vital aspect of Māori identity, connecting people to their ancestors, history and traditions. The Māori language holds high status in Māori society and is widely accepted by non-Māori Pacific Islanders.
New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL)
NZSL is an official language used by the Deaf community in New Zealand. It is a distinct language with its own grammar and syntax and includes Māori concepts that can’t be found in other sign languages or countries.
Kiwi Slang
New Zealanders (known as Kiwis) are generally relaxed, optimistic, and hard-working. Kiwis also understand the importance of a balanced lifestyle and spending time with loved ones. Most importantly, we have a deep love and respect for our country.
When visitors meet a Kiwi for the first time, they’ll quickly notice how we can turn everyday words into delightful slang that reflects our laid-back and friendly nature. You’ll often hear phrases like ‘sweet as’ to express approval, ‘bro’ as a term of endearment, and ‘jandals’ instead of flip-flops or thongs. We may also suggest you spend a day on a ‘tiki tour’ or head to the ‘bach’ for a weekend getaway.
Top Cultural Experiences in New Zealand
The top cultural experiences in New Zealand that should be on every traveller’s list include:
Visit Māori Villages in Rotorua
Journey to Rotorua, the heartland of Māori culture, to explore authentic Māori villages. Witness captivating performances, participate in cultural rituals, and indulge in a hangi feast (a traditional method of cooking food in an earth pit).
Discover Te Papa Tongarewa – New Zealand’s National Museum
Uncover the captivating stories and treasures of New Zealand at Te Papa Tongarewa. This Wellington museum showcases the country’s diverse cultural heritage, including Māori artefacts, natural history exhibits, interactive displays, and thought-provoking installations.
Witness a Performance of the Haka
This famous war dance is synonymous with Māori culture and is performed when welcoming visitors, celebrating achievements, and demonstrating strength and unity. The haka has gained international recognition through the performances of our national rugby team, the All Blacks.
Try Adrenaline-Pumping Adventure Sports
New Zealand is renowned for its adventure activities, like bungee jumping, skydiving, jet boating, and heli-skiing. Our breathtaking landscapes provide the perfect backdrop for thrilling adventures that will get your heart racing. If you’re heading to Rotorua, visit Skyline to get your adrenaline pumping on the Zoom Ziplines and the Skyswing.
Explore an Art Gallery
Delve into the artistic expressions of New Zealand by visiting galleries and museums across the North Island and South Island. From the spirited street art of Auckland to the contemporary masterpieces in Wellington, you’ll encounter diverse artworks that reflect NZ culture and creativity.
See a Live Rugby Game
Join the passionate crowds in the exhilarating atmosphere of a live rugby game. Rugby holds a special place in New Zealand culture, and attending a match allows you to witness firsthand the enthusiasm and skill displayed by our beloved national team, the All Blacks.
Experience the Waitangi Treaty Grounds
Step into the Waitangi Treaty Grounds in the Bay of Islands, where the Treaty of Waitangi was signed in 1840. Explore the beautifully landscaped grounds, participate in cultural performances and gain insights into the nation’s founding document.
Attend a New Zealand National Orchestra Concert
Indulge in the symphonic delights of a live performance by a world-class ensemble. Experience the soaring melodies, harmonies and cultural expressions that make up the classical music scene in New Zealand.
Discover More Incredible Ways to Experience New Zealand
Ready to embark on a journey of cultural discovery and embrace these extraordinary New Zealand experiences? Head to Skyline Rotorua and take the Gondola to the peak for panoramic views over Rotorua, then toast to the sunset at the Stratosfare Restaurant & Bar. Fancy a road trip? How about driving from Auckland to Wellington? Explore more must-see New Zealand landscapes and fantastic New Zealand holiday ideas in our blog.